Table 8 Social dynamics risk dyads-examples
From: Dyadic risk mechanisms–a nomenclature for 36 proto-cascading effects determining humanity’s future
Dyad | Example | Year reported |
|---|---|---|
SocTech | (a) To critically examine how its current configuration is developed, negotiated, or sustained, public responses to technological risks, including by emerging social movements, and also how risk is framed by institutional actors, need to be systematically studied by sociology, and not just studied as a policy concern [45]. Example: nuclear power. (b) Social dynamics around AI include a multitude of factors such as ethics, psychological effects, work and employment, human intelligence, transparency, and bias, for example, ChatGPT [100]. (c) Science and technology studies (STS) wider concerns. Example: energy field [56] | 1992 |
SocEcon | Large-scale societal dynamics (such as the flow of the stock market) are reflected in human mood and brain, with some sub-populations particularly vulnerable to economic turbulence, such as individuals with low and very high income [67], supporting the socioeconomic hypothesis of “social mood” as a driving factor in global societal processes, with economic indicators affecting population well being. (a) social influence (by neighbors upon investors) on asset prices [61], shows market dynamics are more nuanced and cannot be assumed to be simply “efficient”. (b) the instability of financial markets may be attributed to insufficient social control mechanisms including social order based on shared social norms (Helbing 2012) [54] | 2012 |
SocGov | Social impact bonds have emerged as a way to structure social programs as investment vehicles and (at times) better control their risk, with risk being at the core of contemporary forms of (networked) governance [51], (b) human behavior is driven by risk perception, not facts or what is understood as facts by risk analysts and experts [101] | 2021 |
S2 | (a) The consequences of risk events (for example: seismic risk-earthquakes) ripple across jurisdictions, communities, and organizations in complex societies, triggering unexpected alliances but also exposing social, economic, and legal gaps [26]. (b) 'rebound dynamics' between social risk (risk to people) and business risk (risk to business), if not emphasizing directionality [63]. Example: mining industry. (c) Public trust is a significant factor for effective risk governance and public perception can amplify or attenuate risk and change organizational behavior [106] | 2016 |
SocNat | Social risks to biodiversity arose from human intervention and incursion into animal and plant habitats in the Anthropocene era and such vulnerability not only be analyzed top-down (impact) but also bottom-up, to capture the entire risk chain, including possible adaptations and mitigation [97] | 2021 |
SocHealth | Social determinants of health [17] | 2014 |