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Table 2 The design criteria and strategies of the compact city for achieving the goals of sustainability

From: The underlying components of data-driven smart sustainable cities of the future: a case study approach to an applied theoretical framework

Design criteria

Strategies for environmental, economic, and social sustainability

Compactness

• Build and develop centrally

• Concentrate around strategic nodes

• Complement and mix

• Reserve outer city areas for future development

Density

• High density of built objects in designed and emergent compact urban form

• Diverse scales of built objects

• Distribution of building footprints with frequent larger buildings

• Greater density in strategic nodes

• Prioritized density close to the central points of strategic nodes

• High–density hand in hand with multidimensional mixed land use

Mixed land use

• Physical land use mix (horizontal/spread of facilities, vertical mix of uses, amenity, public space, etc.)

• Economic mix (business activity, production, consumption, etc.)

• Social mix (housing, demography, lifestyles, visitors, etc.)

• Greater mix of housing, business, and facilities in strategic nodes

• Multidimensional mixed land use hand in hand with sustainable transportation

Sustainable transportation

• Cycling and walking

• Public transport (metro, buses, tram, etc.)

• Mobility management

• Increased accessibility through public transport infrastructure improvements

• Sustainable transportation hand in hand with multidimensional mixed land use and high density

• Network structure of link areas to connect the major nodes of the transport system

• Separate lanes for the public transport for faster journey time and a punctual and reliable system

• More services along the main corridors for greater frequency

• An easy to understand, safe, and secure system for guaranteeing quality and service

• Multi-model traveling in strategic nodes to support their dense and diverse central points

Green structure

• Green areas and parks

• Green areas hand in hand with density

• Protection and integration of natural, agricultural, and cultural areas through intensification

Intensification

• Increase in population

• Increase in redevelopment of previously developed sites, subdivisions and conversions, and additions and extensions

• Increase in development of previously undeveloped urban land

• Increase in density and diversity of sub-centers

• Investment in and improvement of transport infrastructure and services