Table 2 R&D characteristics

Importance

Comprehensive importance from both S&T and societal perspectives

Select one from: Very High / High / Low / Very Low

* Responses are coded as Very High = 4, High = 3, Low = 2, Very Low = 1

Uncertainty

Involving many stochastic elements and needing methods to tolerating failures and multiple approaches to be considered during R&D

Discontinuity

The result of R&D is not merely an extension of current state but is market-destructive and innovative

Morality

Needing to consider morality and societal acceptance during R&D

Global competitiveness

Enabling Japan to have global competitiveness over other countries