Table 1 Delphi topics related to the co-existence of humans and AI

1

Service-oriented society

The generalization of robot inspection technology to inspect buildings or infrastructures that would be more dangerous or costly for humans to inspect.

2

ICT and analytics

Technology to ensure that critical systems which could malfunction and endanger people’s lives or health.

3

ICT and analytics

A robot which conducts dangerous work such as road, railroad, or electrical maintenance in cooperation with workers with specialized knowledge and skills.

4

Service-oriented society

Intelligent robots that can be remotely controlled by family members in order to provide lifestyle support to elderly and mildly disabled people living in remote areas becomes widespread.

5

Service-oriented society

Introduction of technologies to communication and nursing care robots that both ensure human safety and shorten the amount of time humans and robots are in contact during operations.

6

ICT and analytics

True portable artificial intelligence enabled by high performance computer technology that can be used in machines such as robots.

7

Social infrastructure

Robots capable of successfully rescuing people from rubble or providing emergency transport inside buildings.

8

Service-oriented society

Laws on agricultural corporations will be amended, opening the door to the creation of new agricultural businesses such as fully automated robot farm work.

9

Service-oriented society

Development of a framework to achieve efficiency without sacrificing quality when services are provided by IT or robots in the service industry.

10

Social infrastructure

Disaster relief robots to identify and rescue survivors at disaster sites.

11

Health, medical care and life Sciences

Treatments for restoring lower limb functions that were lost due to spinal cord injuries by using walking-support robots.

12

Health, medical care and life Sciences

A surgical robot which transmits the texture of tissues and organs to the hand of the operator through high sensitivity haptic detection and feedback functions.

13

Agriculture, forestry and fisheries, food and biotechnology

Robotic technology to automate farm work completely.

14

Service-oriented society

Establishment of advanced residential building design technology that enables the elderly and people with disabilities to have a ‘natural life,’ in which barrier-free design is improved and made compatible with coexisting with robots.

15

Social infrastructure

Housing incorporating robots and other equipment to help elderly people and the handicapped eat, bathe, use the bathroom, and enjoy recreation on their own without the help of a caregiver.

16

Social infrastructure

Life support robots which provide users with disaster prevention, crime prevention, and nursing support functions.

17

Health, medical care and life Sciences

An intention communication device (brain machine interface, or BMI) that directly reflects brain activity to support the daily activities of patients suffering from severe motor function disability due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

18

Social infrastructure

Intelligent robots to work on construction sites instead of humans.

19

ICT and analytics

Social consensus about the relationship between machines (e.g. robots) and humans.

20

ICT and analytics

Artificial Intelligence capable of understanding conversation and the relationship between speakers so that it is able to participate in the conversation naturally.

21

ICT and analytics

A robot which first possesses infant- level intelligence, physical, and learning abilities, then through human education and external information develops until it obtains adult-level work skills.

22

Social infrastructure

Robots which clear snow from roofs, around houses, and on roads safely and efficiently.