NCDs | Determinants | Drivers |
---|---|---|
Cardiovascular disease | Alcohol; tobacco; lack of physical activity; gender; drug consumption; nutrition; genetic inheritance; hypertension | Educational background; personalized health; safe environment; nutrition (vegan & vegetarian consumption); green city planning; social innovations (food, nutrition, care; physical activity); subsidize fresh fruit & vegetables; transplantation of organs; wellness movement; active gaming; nutrition (salt, fat, sugar); access to medication; land use/urban form; Mediterranean diet; advertising/commercials; prevention; screening |
Cancer | Emissions; noise; industry; bad waste of chemicals and radioactivity; alcohol; aging; sun exposure; meat consumption; tobacco; no vegetables; lack of vitamins; chemicals and toxic agents; genetic inheritance | subsidize fresh fruit & vegetables; gluten epidemic; food labeling, organic farming; industrialization of food production; agriculture; access to vaccination (HBV, HPV); demographic change; monopoly/oligopolies of pharmacy; food |
Depression | lack of physical activity; family mental health (genetics and social); unemployment; gender; social inheritance; doing things you like; childhood abuse; stress; no work-life balance; sun exposure | access to sports infrastructure; gender specific care; prevention; wellness movement; taxation of food, alcohol, tobacco; carbo-hydrate intense food; advertising/commercials; monoculture/standardization of food; nutrition (vegan & vegetarian consumption); food labeling; climate smart agriculture; organic farming; industrialization of food production; agriculture; standardization of food & food production; designer food; multinational corporations; fractionalization; financial status; education/new values for life; green city planning; social life/network; new social networks (IT); new media (tv, pv); lack of psychological resilience; company strategies for balanced work-life; educational background; division of labor; family status/single mums; changes family structures |
Diabetes | nutrition (salt, fat, sugar) | subsidize fresh fruit & vegetables |
Hypertension | environment: softeners | access to medication |
Hypoglycemia | lack of physical activity | Mediterranean diet |
Liver disease | alcohol; nutrition (salt, fat, sugar); drug consumption; medications | transplantation of organs; prevention/therapy; breeding/engineering human organs; nutrition (vegan & vegetarian consumption) |
Metabolic syndrome | tobacco | green city planning |
Musculoskeletal/osteoporosis | lack of physical activity; nutrition (salt, fat, sugar); gender (menopause); no work-life balance | land use/urban forms; gender specific care; genetics |
Neurodegenerative disease (e.g. dementia) | low brain training; tobacco; lack of physical activity; alcohol; drug consumption; advanced age; low education; chemicals and toxic agents | brain training; mental health; level of education/schooling; active communities; availability of fresh fruit & vegetables; cardio fitness |
Obesity | genetic inheritance | personalized health/gene banks |
Respiratory disease (COPD, asthma etc.) | Emissions; noise; lack of physical activity; financial values; no work-life balance; tobacco; obesity; genetic inheritance; stress; drug consumption; child health/maternal health | Pollution; green city planning; climate change; social innovations (food, nutrition, care, physical activity); safe environment; monitoring; availability of information air quality |